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Although Herodotus and Xenophon referred to the entire region as Susiana, the name Khuzestan is what has been referred to the southwestern most province of Persia (Iran) from antiquity. =="Khuzestan", origins== In some instances, sugar and sugar cane have been given as the meaning of Khuz.〔For example Dehkhoda Dictionary mentions this〕 The fertile soil of Khuzestan has a splendid potential for growing this plant, making excellent harvests for sugar cane possible here. However, most experts believe the name Khuzestan to be derived from ''Ķūzī'', the name of the original non-Semitic people of the province, whose distinctive language reportedly survived until Sassanid times.〔See ''Encyclopædia Iranica'', Columbia University, Vol 1, p687-689.〕 Every author of the early Islamic period, whether Arabic, Persian, or African, referred to the entire region as ''Ahvaz''. This is verified by referring to texts such as those by Tabari, Abolfazl Beyhaghi, Tarikh-i Sistan, and ''Safar nama'' of Naser Khosrow, among many others. Hamdollah Mostowfi in his ''Nozhat ul-Qolub'', for example, writes about Ardashir I in Ahvaz. The word "Khuzestan", however, seems to have been widely used to refer to the region by the 9th century. Some scholars believe Ahvaz and Khuzestan are related to the name ''Ooksin'', a city established during the era of the Elamite civilization, and are the altered forms of the words ''Ooks'', ''Ookz'', ''Hookz'', ''Huz'' and ''Khuz''. Iraj Afshar in his ''Nigāhī bih Khūzistān : majmū`ah´ī az awzā`-i tārīkhī, jughrāfiyā'ī, ijtimā`i, iqtisādī-i mintaqah''〔Library of Congress CALL# DS324.K49 A37 1987, p66〕 states that ''Uxi'' was the Greek counterpart of the Elamite word Ūvja. According to Jules Oppert, the word ''Ūvja'', was pronounced as ''Xuz'' or ''Khuz'' in the Elamite language. The word Ūvja appears abundantly in many texts and on Achaemenid inscriptions at Naqsh-e Rustam,〔See (here )〕 and on Darius's epigraphs at Persepolis and Susa among others〔See (here ).〕 Ūvja, or its Greek counterpart ''Uxi'', were names used to refer to the land or the peoples inhabiting the land of Khuzestan. Furthermore, Ibn Nadeem, in his book ''al-Fehrest'' ("الفهرست"), mentions that all the Median and Persian lands of antiquity spoke one language. In his book, which is the most credible account of spoken languages of Iran during the early Islamic era, he quotes the great scholar Abdullah Ibn al-Muqaffa: :''"The Iranian languages are Fahlavi (Pahlavi), Dari, Khuzi, Persian, and Seryani."'' He then adds that ''Khuzi'' is the unofficial language of the royalty and comes from Khuzestan. In ''Majma-ul-Tawarikh wa al-Qesas'' ("The Collection of histories and Tales") written in 1126CE, Khuzestan appears with such names as ''Hajuestan'', ''Hobujestan'', and ''Ajar'', which seem to be derived from ''Hobujestan'' and ''Hujestan'' in Pahlavi language. According to Sir Henry Rawlinson, in Pahlavi, Ūvja is pronounced ''Hobuj'' and therefore both the names Ahvaz and Khuzestan derive their names from here. The Old Persian word ''Hūjiya'' "Elam" appears abundantly in many texts and on Achaemenid inscriptions at Naqsh-e Rustam,〔 and on Darius's epigraphs at Persepolis and Susa among others〔 ''Hūjiya'', or its Greek counterpart ''Uxi'',〔 Library of Congress DS 324 .K49 A37 1987〕 were names used to refer to the land or the peoples inhabiting Susiana. In Middle Persian, ''Hūjiya'' "Elam, Susiana Province" became ''Huź'' "Susiana", and the modern form of this word is ''Xuz''.〔 As with ''Sistan'', the common Persian ending ''-stan'' "land, region" was added at some point. The ''Old Persian: Grammar, Texts, Lexicon'' by Roland G. Kent of the American Oriental Society, lists the following chains of derivation: Ūvja → Awaz → Xuz Ūvja → Ux → Xuz Ūvja → Xuz → Hobuj Ūvja → Hobuj → Xuz → Hoz Ūvja → Hobuj → Xuz → Hoz → Ahvaz Whereas in some Iranian dialects such as Luri and Bakhtiari (also based in and around Khuzestan), the sound "h" is sometimes used for pronouncing ''Kh'', the words ''oo'', ''hoo'' and ''Khuz'' have in the process of time been added to the suffix ''-estan'', and the word ''oojestan'' has gradually changed to ''Hujestan'', forming the word ''Khuzestan''. Such conversions derive from the fact that in ancient Persian dialects and in Pahlavi language, the sound "oo" was changeable to "hoo" as in such words like ''Oormazd'' --> ''Hoormazd'' or ''Ooshmand'' --> ''Hooshmand''. And ''Hoordad'' has also been pronounced ''Khordad'' and ''Khoortat''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Origin of the name Khuzestan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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